Basis of Module
A
module in Python is a kind of file that serves as a collection of functions
that are frequently used. If you use a module, a complex function is separated
into a separate file. Therefore, it is possible to create a simple program
structure.
The
basic syntax of the module is as follows.
|
import module #(1) import module, module #(2) from module import function/attribute #(3) import module as alias #(4) |
(1) Import: Specify the module to be used
with the import statement.
(2) A Plurality
of Modules: It is possible to use multiple modules with a comma.
(3) Specifying
Function: Specify the module name with “from”. Using “import” after that, specify
the name of the function that is to be used.
(4) Using
the Alias: It is possible to rename the module using a name that is
appropriate for the program features.
You
can check the module path that Python recognizes as follows. To save the module
to another path, it is necessary to add the path by yourself.
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import sys #(1) print sys.path #(2) sys.path.append("D:\Python27\Lib\myModule") #(3) |
(1) Import
sys Module: The “sys” module
provides information and functions that are related to the interpreter.
(2) sys.path: Provides the path
information that can be used to locate the referenced module.
(3) Add
the Path: It is possible to add the path of new module by using the
“path.append” function.
Custom Module
In
addition to the basic modules that are provided in Python, modules can also be
defined by the user. Here, we can learn how to create a custom module through a
simple example. For convenience, let’s save the user-defined module in the same
directory as the example. The prefix "mod" is used to distinguish it
from a general program.
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skill =
["sword","spear","bow","axe"] #(1) power = [98.5, 89.2, 100, 79.2] def printItem(inSkill, idx=0): #(2) name = "Hong Gil
Dong" age = 18 weight = 69.3 print "\n" print
"----------------------------------------" print "1.name:",
name print "2.age:",
age print "3.weight:",
weight print "4.armed
weapon:",inSkill, "[ power", power[idx],"]" print ">>>i am
ready to fight" |
modHero.py
(0)
Creating a Module: Save it in the same directory as the program that calls
the “modHero.py” module.
(1) Declaring
Variable: Declare a variable that can be used internally or externally
(2) Declaring Function: Define a function
according to the feature that the module provides.
To
import a previously declared module, let's create a program that uses the
functions in the module.
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import modHero #(1) querySkill = raw_input("select weapon: ") i=0 for each_item in modHero.skill: #(2) if(each_item == querySkill):
modHero.printItem(querySkill, i) #(3) i = i+1 print "----------------------------------------" print "\n" |
Calling
of Module
(1)
Import Module: Explicitly import the “modHero” module
(2)
Module Variables: Use the “skill” variable that has been declared in the
module “modHero”.
(3) Module Function:
Use the “printItem” function that has been declared in the module “modHero”.
“sys” module supports the program
to recognize the module in a different manner. It can be used in the same way
as “sys.path.append(directory)”.
